Hvernig er fasaskilasjársmásjá frábrugðin venjulegri smásjá?

Fasaskilasjársmásjá er sérstök tegund af smásjá sem breytir ljósamun (þ.e. fasamun) sem myndast þegar ljós fer í gegnum smáatriði gagnsæs sýnis í mismun á ljósstyrk.
When light passes through a relatively transparent specimen, there is no significant change in the wavelength (colour) or amplitude (brightness) of the light. As a result, the morphology and internal structure of unstained specimens (such as living cells) are often difficult to distinguish when viewed with an ordinary light microscope. However, due to differences in the refractive index and thickness of the various parts of the cell, there is a difference in the optical range of direct and diffracted light as it passes through such a specimen. As the light range increases or decreases, the phase of the speeded-up or lagging light waves changes (creating a phase difference). The phase difference of light can not be felt by the human eye, but the phase contrast microscope can make use of the interference phenomenon of light through its special devices - ring diaphragm and phase plate - to transform the phase difference of light into the difference in amplitude (light and darkness) that can be perceived by the human eye, thus making the original transparent objects show obvious differences between light and darkness and enhanced contrast, so that we can The contrast is enhanced, so that we can more clearly observe the living cells and some fine structures inside the cells which cannot be seen under the ordinary optical microscope and dark field microscope or cannot be seen clearly.